.larepublica.pe escribió: 

Wikileaks: Gobierno Japonés tiene política nuclear anticuada.




La catástrofe que puede ocurrir en la planta nuclear de Fukushima sería consecuencia no solo del terremoto y posterior tsunami que azotó Japón sino también de negligencia del gobierno nipón que habría ocultado accidentes nucleares anteriores.

Así lo confirma un cable de wikileaks en el cual la embajada norteamericana aseguraba que el gobierno japonés tiene una política nuclear “anticuada” lo cual obligó a ocultar dichos accidentes nucleares.

El documento, que tiene como fecha el 27 de octubre del 2008, recogen las declaraciones del diputado Taro Kono quien señala que las compañías eléctricas son las responsables de esconder los  costos y los problemas ligados a la energía nuclear.

A estas declaraciones se les suman las de algunos sobrevivientes a los ataques tanto en Hiroshima como en Nagasaki, quienes se encuentran frustrados y decepcionados por la poca acción de las autoridades que no previeron estos problemas, "Me gustaría que tuvieran más conciencia de crisis", señaló uno de ellos.

lapupilainsomne escribió: 

Wikileaks: Ministerio en Japón encubrió accidentes nucleares.

Un cable de la embajada de EEUU en Tokio de 2008, obtenido por WikiLeaks y publicado por The Guardian en el día de hoy, informa de que el político japonés Taro Kono le dijo a los diplomáticos de EEUU que el ministerio japonés encargado de la energía nuclear había estado “encubriendo los accidentes nucleares y ocultando los verdaderos costos y problemas asociados con la industria nuclear”.

“Los ministerios quedaron atrapados en sus políticas, como políticas heredadas de los funcionarios de mayor jerarquía, que no podían entonces desafiar”, aseguró.

Los puntos criticados por Kono son diversos, pero se refieren fundamentalmente a la forma de actuar por parte del Ministerio de Economía, Comercio e Industria (METI) y las empresas eléctricas del país.

El cable, con fecha de finales de 2008, recoge estas críticas realizadas durante una cena entre este miembro de la cámara baja en la que también estaban presentes miembros del Agregado Energético y Económico.

Taro Kono, según el cable de la embajada estadounidense, se mostró muy en contra del programa nuclear de Japón y de su forma de hacer las cosas. Especialmente se hace referencia a temas relacionados con el costo y la seguridad de la energía nuclear.

Se afirma que las compañías eléctricas japonesas habrían ocultado costos y problemas con la energía nuclear, mientras que el sobrecoste usado en estas áreas se había puesto en el programa de reciclaje de uranio de cara a la opinión pública.

También se critica que las eléctricas, después del accidente sucedido en el reactor de Monju en 1996, se han enfocado en planes para el reprocesamiento de los materiales en lugar de cancelar los planes nucleares.

Desarrollaron una técnica de combustible llamada Mixed Oxide, con el cual se reprocesaban los materiales, y para Kono, este proceso es muy caro y hubiera sido más efectivo comprar una montaña de uranio en Australia.

Además afirma que este costo se ha ido pasando de forma gradual a las facturas de los clientes, haciendo que estos tengan una energía eléctrica mucho más cara que otros países. Preguntado por la influencia por el poder de influencia que tienen las compañías eléctricas en Japón, aseguró que en un canal de televisión se concertaron unas entrevistas en tres partes para hablar sobre temas relacionados con la energía nuclear.

Tras la primera entrevista, las siguientes fueron canceladas, debido a las presiones realizadas a la televisión por parte de las eléctricas en las que se llegó a amenazarles con retirar la publicidad a su cadena.

El cable también recoge críticas sobre el Ministerio de Economía, Comercio e Industria (METI) de Japón, el cual comenta está obsoleto, haciendo referencia a que las normas de radiación en las que se hacen pruebas alimentos venidos del extrajeron están en los mismos niveles que después del accidente de Chernobyl, a pesar de que otros países han endurecido estas normas.

También destaca que el METI se mostró a favor de buscar métodos de energías alternativas, pero sin el suficiente apoyo y siendo poco eficaz. En la legislación actual se obliga a las eléctricas a comprar electricidad proveniente de métodos alternativos, pero la cantidad que están obligados a comprar es muy poca.

Así mismo crítica que las subvenciones desde el METI a las empresas interesadas eran tan pocas que hacían que fuese prácticamente imposible que los interesados en desarrollarlas no tuvieran éxito a la hora de encontrar inversores externos.

Y por si fuera poco, Taro Kono también señala al METI de encubrir accidentes nucleares y de ocultar los verdaderos costes de problemas asociados a la energía nuclear, de hecho afirma que el METI selecciona y recoge aquellas partes del mensaje que le gustan y que posteriormente son pasadas a los diputados japoneses.

Kono también se muestra preocupado por los residuos de la energía nuclear y señala que Japón no tiene un lugar de almacenamiento permanente para residuos de alto nivel y por lo tanto, no tienen solución a este problema. Además el cable recoge una alta preocupación por los almacenamientos temporales y la alta actividad sísmica que tiene el país, preguntándose si es buena idea hacerlo en determinados lugares y tener el riesgo de que los materiales se filtren a las aguas subterráneas en caso de un terremoto o de haber un volcán cercano.

No obstante y a pesar de estas críticas, este miembro de la cámara baja, siempre según el cable de la embajada estadounidense, se mostraba optimista sobre el futuro y cree con el tiempo Japón terminaría teniendo un 100% de energías renovables.

Citar:

Cable dated:2008-10-27T08:20:00
C O N F I D E N T I A L TOKYO 002993
SIPDIS
DEPT FOR EAP/J, ISN/CTR, ISN/MNSA, ISN/NESS DOE FOR KBAKER, NA-20
E.O. 12958: DECL: 10/24/2018
TAGS: PARM, ENRG, TRGY, NRR, MNUC, PUNE, JA
SUBJECT: MP CRITICIZES JAPANESE NUCLEAR PLANS
REF: STATE 107836

Classified By: Ambassador J. Thomas Schieffer; reasons 1.4 (b) and (d)

1. (C) Summary: Lower House Diet Member Taro Kono voiced his strong opposition to the nuclear industry in Japan, especially nuclear reprocessing, based on issues of cost, safety, and security during a dinner with a visiting staffdel, Energy Attache and Economic Officer October 21. Kono also criticized the Japanese bureaucracy and power companies for continuing an outdated nuclear energy strategy, suppressing development of alternative energy, and keeping information from Diet members and the public. He also expressed dissatisfaction with the current election campaign law. End Summary.

2. (C) Member of the House of Representatives Taro Kono spoke extensively on nuclear energy and nuclear fuel reprocessing during a dinner with a visiting staffdel, Energy Attache and Economic Officer October 21. Kono, a member of the Liberal Democratic Party first elected in 1996, is the son of Yohei Kono, a former President of the LDP who is currently the longest serving speaker of the House in post-war history. Taro Kono, who studied and worked in the United States and speaks excellent English, is a frequent embassy contact who has interests in agriculture, nuclear, and foreign policy issues. He is relatively young, and very outspoken, especially as a critic of the government's nuclear policy. During this meeting, he voiced his strong opposition to the nuclear industry in Japan, especially nuclear fuel reprocessing, based on issues of cost, safety, and security. Kono claimed Japanese electric companies are hiding the costs and safety problems associated with nuclear energy, while successfully selling the idea of reprocessing to the Japanese public as "recycling uranium." He asserted that Japan's reprocessing program had been conceived as part of a nuclear cycle designed to use reprocessed fuel in fast breeder reactors (FBR). However, these reactors have not been successfully deployed, and Japan's prototype FBR at Monju is still off-line after an accident in 1995.

3. (C) Kono said following the accident at the Monju FBR, rather than cancel plans to conduct reprocessing, the electric companies developed the Mixed Oxide (MOX) fuel program. However, Kono criticized the MOX program as too expensive, noting it would be cheaper to just "buy a uranium mountain in Australia," or to make a deal to import uranium from other sources. Kono claimed the high costs of the reprocessing program were being passed to Japanese consumers in their power bills, and they were unaware of how much they paid for electricity relative to people in other countries. In describing the clout wielded by the electric companies, Kono claimed that a Japanese television station had planned a three part interview with him on nuclear issues, but had canceled after the first interview, because the electric companies threatened to withdraw their extensive sponsorship.

4. (C) In addition to the electric companies, Kono was also very critical of the Japanese ministries, particularly the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI). He claimed the ministries were trapped in their policies, as officials inherited policies from people more senior to them, which they could then not challenge. As an example, Kono noted that Japanese radiation standards for imported foods had been set following the Chernobyl incident, and had not changed since then, despite other nations having reduced their levels of allowable radiation.

5. (C) In a similar way, he alleged, METI was committed to advocating for nuclear energy development, despite the problems he attributed to it. Kono noted that while METI claimed to support alternative energy, it in actuality provides little support. He claimed that METI in the past had orchestrated the defeat of legislation that supported alternatives energy development, and instead secured the passage of the Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS) act. This act simply requires power companies to purchase a very small amount of their electricity from alternative sources. Kono also criticized the government's handling of subsidies to alternative energy projects, noting that the subsidies were of such short duration that the projects have difficulty finding investors because of the risk and uncertainty involved. As a more specific example of Japan neglecting alternative energy sources, Kono noted there was abundant wind power available in Hokkaido that went undeveloped because the electricity company claimed it did not have sufficient grid capacity. Kono noted there was in fact an unused connection between the Hokkaido grid and the Honshu grid that the companies keep in reserve for unspecified emergencies. He wanted to know why they could not just link the grids and thus gain the ability to add in more wind power.

6. (C) He also accused METI of covering up nuclear accidents, and obscuring the true costs and problems associated with the nuclear industry. He claimed MPs have a difficult time hearing the whole of the U.S. message on nuclear energy because METI picks and chooses those portions of the message that it likes. Only information in agreement with METI policies is passed through to the MPs. Elaborating on his frustrations with the ministries, Kono noted that the Diet committee staffs are made up of professional bureaucrats, and are often headed by detailees from the ministries. He said he had no authority to hire or fire committee staff, and that any inquiries he made to them quickly found their way back to the ministries.

7. (C) Kono also raised the issue of nuclear waste, commenting that Japan had no permanent high-level waste storage, and thus no solution to the problem of storage. He cited Japan's extensive seismic activity, and abundant groundwater, and questioned if there really was a safe place to store nuclear waste in the "land of volcanoes." He noted that Rokkasho was only intended as a temporary holding site for high-level waste. The Rokkasho local government, he said, had only agreed to store waste temporarily contingent on its eventual reprocessing. Kono said that in this regard, the US was better off that Japan because of the Yucca mountain facility. He was somewhat surprised to hear about opposition to that project, and the fact that Yucca had not yet begun storing waste.

8. (C) In describing how he would deal with Japan's future energy needs, Kono claimed Japan needed to devise a real energy strategy. He said while he believed Japan eventually would have to move to 100% renewable energy, in the meantime he advocated replacing energy produced by nuclear plants ready for decommissioning with an equal amount of energy from plants using liquid natural gas. To this he would add new renewable energy sources.

9. (C) Kono also made a few side remarks concerning the Japanese election process. He expressed dissatisfaction with the current election campaign law, which he called outdated. He noted, for example, that during the official campaign period he was not allowed to actively campaign on the Internet. He said he could print flyers during this time, but only a limited number, which had to be picked up by constituents at his campaign office. So, to get around these and other limitations, MPs had to campaign before the official campaign period began. Given the current uncertainty on a date for elections, he noted in a humorous manner that if the government delayed elections long enough, he and the other MPs would go broke.

SCHIEFFER